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Example Set 1 - Tonal Aspects


Since Luganda is a tone language, and intonation plays a very important part in the meaning of words.

The following words are pronounced with a level tone pattern i.e. ray me, in tonic solfa:
kusa ♫ (to grind), mata ♫ (milk), nte ♫ (cow), bbwa ♫ (sore)

Longer words:
okusa ♫ (to grind) -Initial Vowel form of verb -.
kutakulatakula ♫, okutakulatakula ♫ (to scratch a lot)

The same rule holds in long syllables: Thus the following words are pronounced with the tone pattern, i.e. ray me.
kaalo ♫ (small village) kyalo ♫ (village) muntu ♫ (person) ente ♫ (cow).

Longer words:
akaalo ♫ (small village) kugenda ♫ (to go), okugenda ♫
kusaana ♫ (to suit), okusaana ♫ ndowooza ♫ (I think)

A vowel plus a syllabic consonant may also form a long level tone, the second half of which is a pause:
muggazi or (more correctly) muggazi ♫ (doorkeeper) omuggazi ♫

When a low tone syllable occurs after a high tone syllable: it drops lower still —about a major fourth. Thus:
kulaba ♫(to see) ray me te okulaba ♫ ray ray me te
mwami ♫ (chief) me- te omwami ♫ ray me- te.
mutto ♫ (pillow) omutto ♫

With every subsequent high tone: it is now one major tone higher than the new low tone, and therefore considerably lower than the first high tone. Thus:

kusirika ♫ (to be quiet) ray me te doh, okusirika ♫ ray ray me te doh, okusirikasirika ♫ ray ray me te doh doh doh doh.

With long vowels and consonants:
mwawule ♫ (clergyman) baawule ♫ (clergymen)
okwanjula ♫ ( to introduce) me- te doh, kwanjula ♫ ray me- te doh
omwawule ♫ abaawule ♫
okubbika ♫ (to cover) kubbika ♫
okusikondoka ♫ ray ray me te- doh doh, kusikondoka ♫ (to hiccough) ray me te- doh doh
olukukuuzi ♫ (to dust)ray ray me te' doh, lukukuuzi ♫ ray me te- doh
okulalagga ♫ (to wander about) kulalagga ♫
okulalaggalalagga ♫ ray ray me te- doh doh doh- doh.